If I've understood your question correctly, you want to get all the common user nodes that link between both directories tagged "this one"?
If so, something like this should do the job (based on your model above):
//specify the path pattern between the two nodes:
MATCH (:directory {name:"this one"})<--(:group)<--(u:user)-->(:group)-->(:directory {name:"this one"})
//return the user node names that are across this pattern path
RETURN u.name;
Bear in mind that this is assuming the strict alternation between user--group--directory.